What does the Constitution's provision of "judicial review" provide for?

The provision of "judicial review" in the Constitution empowers federal courts to assess the constitutionality of acts passed by Congress and other legislative bodies. This principle allows the judiciary to determine whether a law aligns with the Constitution, and if it does not, the court has the authority to void that law. The landmark case of Marbury v. Madison in 1803 established judicial review as a crucial power of the Supreme Court, affirming that it is the role of the courts to interpret the law and ensure that no legislation infringes upon the Constitution.

This foundational concept is instrumental in maintaining the balance of power among the branches of government, ensuring that legislative actions remain within constitutional boundaries, and serving as a check on legislative authority. The other options do not accurately represent the concept of judicial review; they reference different aspects of judicial or executive power that are not encompassed under this specific constitutional provision.