Which philosophy began around 500 BCE?

Confucianism is recognized as a philosophy that began around 500 BCE, primarily founded by Confucius in ancient China. It emphasizes ethical living, social harmony, and the cultivation of moral character, presenting a framework for personal development and governance. The timing of Confucianism's emergence corresponds with the period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, characterized by social upheaval and a growing need for stable governance and ethical leadership.

Hinduism, which has roots that trace back further than 500 BCE, is one of the oldest religions and has evolved significantly over time. Judaism also predates 500 BCE, with its origins linked to ancient Semitic tribes and the establishment of covenantal practices. Taoism, while significant in Chinese philosophy, is typically associated with Laozi and the text "Tao Te Ching," which is generally dated slightly later than Confucianism’s establishment.